To outline when key resuscitative actions occur in the delivery room. We performed a retrospective review of newborns delivered at a level III centre who required chest compressions. The timing of major steps—intubation, UVC placement, endotracheal (ETT) epinephrine, and intravenous (IV) epinephrine—was recorded. Event timing was also compared between births with and without a neonatology team present. A total of 51 infants met the inclusion criteria. The primary endpoint was noted in 28 cases (65%). An alternate airway was obtained at 4.24 ± 5.9 minutes. Endotracheal epinephrine was given at 3.98 ± 3 minutes, and IV epinephrine at 10.87 ± 5.18 minutes after chest compressions began. Real-world observations indicate that several resuscitative steps recommended by the Neonatal Resuscitation Program often occur later than intended.
