Primiparous pregnant women face high levels of health anxiety and fear of childbirth, so it is important to carry out interventions aimed at reducing health anxiety and fear of childbirth in these women. Therefore, the current study was done to determine the effectiveness of positive thinking training on health anxiety and fear of childbirth in pregnant women with primiparous pregnancies. The current study was semi-experimental with a pre-test and post-test design with a control group. Among the women who had a higher score of health anxiety and fear of childbirth, 40 people were selected by the available sampling method and were randomly assigned to two intervention and control groups (20 people in each group). The intervention group received the positive thinking training package in 8 sessions of 90 minutes, and the control group did not receive training during this time. Salkovskis and Warwick's health anxiety questionnaires and Harman's fear of childbirth were the research tools. Analysis of covariance test was used in SPSS software version 23 for data analysis. The findings of covariance analysis revealed that positive thinking training was effective on health anxiety (P < 0.001, F = 58.94) and fear of childbirth (P < 0.003, F = 96.9) in primiparous pregnant women. The average scores of health anxiety and fear of childbirth among primiparous pregnant women who underwent positive thinking training have significantly reduced in the post-test compared to the pre-test (P < 0.001). The results of the research indicate that positive thinking training has been effective on health anxiety and fear of childbirth in primiparous pregnant women.
